“Energy Storage Systems (ESS) are technologies that capture energy produced at one time for use at a later time, helping to balance energy supply and demand. These systems store excess energy generated during periods of low demand and release it during high demand, ensuring a stable and reliable energy supply. Common types of ESS include batteries, pumped hydro storage, thermal storage, and flywheels. These systems play a crucial role in integrating renewable energy sources like solar and wind into the grid, enhancing grid stability, and supporting the transition to a sustainable energy future.